Source: Reuters
Date: 2 Dec 2001
Afghans work on draft U.N.
power-sharing accord
By Emma Thomasson
BONN, Germany (Reuters) - Grueling talks on forming
a post-Taliban government for Afghanistan entered an intense
seventh day on Monday as rivals tried to tease out a
compromise on a U.N. draft accord to establish an interim
administration.
The four Afghan factions represented at the U.N.-sponsored
talks in a top-security hotel outside Bonn have agreed on the
outline of a power-sharing government.
But they still have to decide on the fine print of an
agreement and names for its 29 members.
As the talks continued, U.S. bombers pounded Kandahar, the
last bastion of the Taliban in Afghanistan. The U.S. military
said the battle for the southern city may be nearing
"culmination point."
Fasting during the Muslim holy month of Ramadan like many
of the delegates and visibly exhausted, U.N. special envoy
Lakhdar Brahimi worked into the early hours with the rival
groups in Bonn, discussing proposed changes to a seven-page
draft agreement he put to them early on Sunday.
"We are going sentence by sentence, comma by comma.
Everybody has comments on every single sentence. There are
four groups and four opinions within each group. It is
painstakingly tedious," U.N. spokesman Ahmad Fawzi told
Reuters.
An adviser to the group backing former King Zahir Shah said
they would propose the ex-monarch's close aide Abdul Sattar
Sirat to head the interim administration. An adviser to the
dominant Northern Alliance said his group had backed the
choice.
But Fawzi said the delegates had yet to discuss formally
their candidates for the new government around the table and
said any discussion of names was only taking place
bilaterally.
"We have had no proposals from anyone. They are talking
among themselves," he said. "I don't think we'll see the names
until tomorrow evening."
DEAL LATER IN WEEK
Western diplomats, always in the wings to remind the
Afghans that billions of dollars in reconstruction aid rest on
a deal, said haggling over posts could take several more days.
"There is going to be a big fight about all this, starting
tonight and going on tomorrow and for a little while," one
Western envoy said on Sunday evening. "Quite a lot of people
are digging in now. It could even be Thursday or Friday."
Abdul Majid Aziz, adviser to the former king's group, said
progress was slow but sure. "We are fighting for the future of
Afghanistan. It is not right to put some kind of time
constraint that this has to be performed by dawn," he said.
If Rome nominee Sirat were to be approved by all groups at
the talks in the Petersberg hotel above the Rhine, he would
lead the interim government until the convening of a Loya
Jirga, or traditional grand assembly, in about six months.
According to a copy of the U.N. draft proposal obtained by
Reuters, the interim authority would be composed of an
administration of 29 members, a supreme court and a special
independent commission to set up the Loya Jirga.
The draft, which Fawzi said had been amended substantially
in the late night talks with Brahimi, proposed an
administration made up of a chairman, five deputies and 23
other members.
It also requests the U.N. Security Council to consider
mandating an international force to Afghanistan to provide
security for Kabul and surrounding areas, and for all
participants at the Bonn talks to withdraw forces from the
city.
The draft calls for the 87-year-old former king to play a
symbolic role in opening the Loya Jirga, which would elect a
transitional authority to govern for about 18 months until a
constitution is drawn up and a permanent government elected.
REINSTATE 1964 CONSTITUTION
Until then, it suggests that most of Zahir Shah's 1964
constitution -- the most liberal political system the country
has ever had -- would be reinstated as Afghanistan's basic
law.
Alongside the royalist Rome faction, the second biggest in
Bonn after the Northern Alliance, there are two smaller exile
groups, the Pakistan-based Peshawar group, and the Cyprus
group, both of which can hope to be allocated far fewer
government posts.
If Sirat, an ethnic Uzbek and professor of Islamic studies
based in Germany who was a minister before the king was
deposed in 1973, was confirmed, it would rule out prominent
Pashtun tribal leader Hamid Karzai, a widely mentioned
candidate.
Northern Alliance Interior Minister Yunis Qanuni and
Foreign Minister Abdullah Abdullah are thought likely to keep
their posts, although as both are Tajiks one might have to
step aside for ethnic balance, diplomats said.
Whether any women would be named in the interim government
was still uncertain. The U.N. draft accord calls for
government participation for women, whom the Taliban forbade
to work, study or leave home without being accompanied by a
male relative.
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